Kolkata Metro’s Green Initiative: Regenerative Braking Saves 13,500 Tonnes of CO2

Kolkata Metro’s Sustainable Braking Technology: A Game-Changer for Green Transport
The Kolkata Metro Railway has taken a major leap toward sustainability by implementing regenerative braking technology in its rakes. This innovative system not only reduces energy consumption but also slashes carbon emissions, making it a win-win for both the environment and operational efficiency.

How Regenerative Braking Works
Instead of wasting kinetic energy as heat (like traditional brakes), regenerative braking converts it back into electrical energy.
The train’s electric motors act as generators during braking, feeding power back into the system.
This process reduces wear and tear on brake pads and wheels, lowering maintenance costs.

Key Benefits of Regenerative Braking in Kolkata Metro
✔ Energy Savings: In 2024-25, the system regenerated 1.08 crore units of electricity, saving ₹8.2 crore.
✔ Carbon Footprint Reduction: Cut 13,500 tonnes of CO₂ emissions in a year.
✔ Efficiency Boost: Studies show 17-20% of electricity can be regenerated, improving sustainability.
✔ Lower Maintenance Costs: Reduces strain on braking components, extending their lifespan.

Kolkata Metro’s Other Green Initiatives
4-MW Advanced Chemical Cell (ACC) Battery Storage System (First in Indian Railways)
Expected to be operational by July 2025, enhancing energy storage capabilities.
Joins global metro systems (London, Tokyo, New York) in adopting eco-friendly transit solutions.


Why This Matters for Competitive Exams (SSC, PSC, Railways, etc.)
Environment & Technology: Questions on sustainable tech in public transport are common in SSC, PSC, and Railways exams.
Energy Conservation: Important for exams covering current affairs and science & tech.
Government Initiatives: Schemes like Make in India, Smart Cities Mission often include such innovations.
Economic Impact: Cost-saving measures in public projects are relevant for general awareness sections.


Sample Questions & Answers for Competitive Exams
Q1. What is regenerative braking technology used in Kolkata Metro?
Ans: A system where a train’s kinetic energy is converted back into electrical energy during braking, reducing waste and saving power.
Q2. How much energy did Kolkata Metro save using regenerative braking in 2024-25?
Ans: 1.08 crore units, saving ₹8.2 crore.
Q3. By how much did Kolkata Metro reduce CO₂ emissions with this technology?
Ans: 13,500 tonnes in the last financial year.
Q4. Which other global metro systems use regenerative braking?
Ans: London, Tokyo, and New York metros.
Q5. What is the upcoming green energy project by Kolkata Metro?
Ans: A 4-MW Advanced Chemical Cell (ACC) battery storage system, the first in Indian Railways.