Solar Power Potential from Abandoned Coal Mines in India: Current Affairs & Competitive Exam Prep

Solar Power Potential from Abandoned Coal Mines in India
India’s transition from coal to renewable energy is gaining momentum, with abandoned coal mines emerging as prime locations for solar power projects. Recent studies highlight the vast potential of these unused lands, offering a dual benefit—clean energy generation and environmental rehabilitation.

Current Status of Abandoned Mines in India
India has 63+ abandoned coal mine sites, covering over 500 square kilometers.
These sites could generate 27.11 gigawatts (GW) of solar power, contributing 37% of India’s current solar capacity.
Key states with high potential: Telangana, Odisha, Madhya Pradesh, and Chhattisgarh—ranked among the top 20 global regions for solar-ready abandoned mine lands.

Global Perspective on Coal Mine Repurposing
Around 3,800 coal mines operate worldwide, producing 95% of global coal supply.
33 countries have committed to phasing out coal, leading to mine closures and new opportunities for solar energy projects.
Former mine lands in Australia, Indonesia, and the U.S. also show high solar potential.

Environmental Risks of Neglected Coal Mines
Abandoned mines pose serious threats if left unchecked:
Methane emissions—a greenhouse gas 25 times more potent than CO₂.
Safety hazards, including land subsidence and water contamination.
Long-term ecological damage affecting nearby communities.
Converting these sites into solar farms can mitigate these risks while supporting India’s renewable energy goals.
Global Solar Potential from Former Mine Lands
A global analysis reveals:
28 countries have abandoned mines suitable for solar conversion.
Total potential: 288 GW of solar power—enough to power millions of homes.
Most sites are near existing power grids, reducing infrastructure costs.

Job Creation Through Solar Redevelopment
Shifting from coal to solar energy could generate:
259,700+ permanent jobs in manufacturing, installation, and maintenance.
317,500+ temporary jobs in construction and project development.
By 2035, solar jobs may surpass coal-related job losses, supporting economic growth.

Challenges in Converting Mines to Solar Farms
Despite the benefits, key hurdles remain:
Land ownership disputes—many closed mines lack clear policies.
Community concerns over land use and local benefits.
Regulatory barriers in repurposing mining zones for renewables.
Addressing these challenges requires government support, clear policies, and community engagement to ensure a smooth transition.


Sample Questions & Answers for Competitive Exams (SSC, PSC, etc.)
Q1: What is the estimated solar power potential from India’s abandoned coal mines?
A: India’s abandoned coal mines could generate 27.11 GW of solar power, contributing 37% of the country’s current solar capacity.
Q2: Which Indian states have the highest potential for solar power from abandoned mines?
A: Telangana, Odisha, Madhya Pradesh, and Chhattisgarh are among the top states with high solar potential from disused mines.
Q3: What environmental risks do abandoned coal mines pose?
A: Risks include methane emissions, land degradation, water pollution, and safety hazards like mine collapses.
Q4: How many jobs could solar redevelopment of mines create globally?
A: An estimated 259,700 permanent jobs and 317,500 temporary jobs could be generated through solar conversion projects.
Q5: What are the major challenges in repurposing coal mines for solar energy?
A: Key challenges include land ownership issues, community resistance, and regulatory hurdles in renewable energy adoption.