In ‘YELLOW’, each letter is moved one step forward, and for vowels, one additional step forward to form ‘ZFMMOX’. So, ‘PURPLE’ becomes ‘QVOSMF’.

‘Cradle-to-cradle’ certification in product design aims to ensure that products are environmentally safe and designed to be recyclable or compostable at the end of their lifecycle. This certification assesses products based on sustainable manufacturing processes, the use of safe and healthy materials, water and energy efficiency, and social fairness. The focus is on creating products that have a positive or neutral impact on the environment and society.

“He is known for his expertise in marketing” is correct. “For” is the appropriate preposition to use with “known” when indicating the reason for a person’s reputation or recognition.

‘Mashru’ fabric, known for its satin weave combining silk and cotton, is traditionally associated with Gujarat. ‘Mashru’ means ‘permitted’ in Arabic, and the fabric was initially created to meet the needs of Islamic communities, which forbade silk to touch the skin. Mashru’s outer surface is silk, while the inner is cotton. The weaving technique gives it a lustrous appearance on one side and a comfortable feel on the other. It is famous for its bright colors and patterns, often seen in traditional garments and accessories.

“The Night Watch” is a famous 17th-century painting by Dutch artist Rembrandt van Rijn. Completed in 1642, it depicts a militia company preparing to embark on a mission. The painting is renowned for its size, vibrant use of light and shadow, and the perception of motion, which was unusual for the time. “The Night Watch” is one of Rembrandt’s most famous works and is a masterpiece of the Baroque era, showcasing his skill in manipulating light to create lifelike figures and depth.

Vladimir Lenin led the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia in 1917. This revolution was a part of the larger Russian Revolution, which led to the overthrow of the provisional government and the establishment of a communist government under the Bolsheviks. Lenin’s leadership and ideology were central to the revolution’s success, leading to significant changes in Russia’s political and social structure.

“The Thinker” is a famous sculpture created by Auguste Rodin. Originally conceived in 1880 as part of a larger work called “The Gates of Hell,” “The Thinker” was later completed as a standalone piece. The sculpture represents a man in deep contemplation and is often considered a symbol of philosophy and intellectual thought. Rodin’s work is celebrated for its detailed realism and has become one of the most recognized sculptures in the world.

Let the speed of the man in still water be x km/hr and the speed of the current be y km/hr. Set up two equations based on the given data: 18/(x – y) + 24/(x + y) = 6 and 40/(x – y) + 55/(x + y) = 13. Solving these equations simultaneously gives x = 8 km/hr and y = 1 km/hr.

“Clutching at any possible solution” is correct. “Grasping at straws” is an idiom used to describe a situation where someone is desperate and trying any available option, no matter how unlikely or ineffective, to solve a problem or improve a situation.

The relative speed = 60 km/hr – 40 km/hr = 20 km/hr = 20 * (1000/3600) m/s = 5.56 m/s. Let the length of the first train be L meters. Then, the second train’s length is L/2 meters. The total distance covered in overtaking = L + (L/2) = 1.5L meters. Time taken = 30 seconds. So, 1.5L = 5.56 * 30, giving L ≈ 200 meters.