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What Are the New IPZ Rules? How Do They Impact Andaman & Lakshadweep?

The Union Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change recently updated the Islands Protection Zone (IPZ) rules, modifying regulations for Andaman & Nicobar and Lakshadweep. These changes aim to streamline project clearances, extend validity periods, and allow transfer of permits—aligning them with national environmental laws.

Key Changes in the Revised IPZ Rules
1. Extended Clearance Validity
Earlier, project clearances under IPZ 2011 were valid for 7 years (extendable by 3 years).
Now, clearances have a 10-year validity from approval.
Extensions can be sought before expiry, with late applications (within 30 days) requiring ministry approval.
Delays beyond 90 days need clearance from the Union Environment Minister or Coastal Zone Authority.

2. Transfer & Splitting of Clearances
IPZ clearances can now be transferred between legal entities (for ongoing projects).
Splitting permits among multiple stakeholders is allowed, reducing bureaucratic hurdles.
Conditions: The original terms and validity period must remain unchanged.

3. Island Coastal Regional Zones (ICRZ) Classification
The IPZ divides coastal areas into four zones based on ecological sensitivity:
ICRZ-I: Most ecologically critical (no industrial activity).
ICRZ-II: Urban/municipal zones near shorelines.
ICRZ-III: Undisturbed lands with minimal development.
ICRZ Water Areas: Marine zones with strict regulations.

4. Alignment with EIA Notification 2006
The amendments harmonize IPZ rules with national environmental laws.
The government can bypass public objections if amendments are deemed in “public interest.”
Criticism: Environmentalists argue for public consultation due to ecological risks.

Sample Questions & Answers (For Exam Preparation)
Q: What is the new validity period for IPZ clearances?
A: 10 years (previously 7 years + 3-year extension).
Q: Can IPZ clearances be transferred to another company?
A: Yes, the new rules allow transfer between legal entities.
Q: Which islands are affected by the IPZ notification?
A: Andaman & Nicobar Islands and Lakshadweep.
Q: What is ICRZ-I under IPZ rules?
A: The most ecologically sensitive zone where industrial activity is banned.
Q: Why are environmentalists concerned about the new IPZ amendments?
A: The government can bypass public objections, risking ecological damage.

Why Is This Important for Exams?
Current Affairs: Likely topic in UPSC, SSC, PSC, and state-level exams.
Environmental Policies: Key for forest & environment-related competitive exams.
Government Schemes: Helps in answering questions on coastal regulations and EIA.
GK & Static Awareness: Important for general knowledge sections.